Nose Art is a painting or decorative design on the fuselage, usually on the front of the body.
Although it began with practical reasons to identify friendly units, this practice evolved to express an individuality often restricted by military uniformity, to evoke memories of homes and life in peacetime, and as a kind of psychological protection against the pressures of war and the possibility of death. Appeals, in part, derived from the art of nose are not officially approved, even when the rule against them is not enforced.
Because of its individual and unofficial nature, it is considered folk art, inseparable from the work and representation of a group. It can also be compared to sophisticated graffiti. In both cases, the artist is often anonymous, and the art itself is temporary. In addition, it relies on the materials available immediately.
The nose art is largely a military tradition, but the Virgin Group-operated civil airplane featured "Virgin Girls" on the nose as part of their livery. In a broad sense, the art of tailing some airlines like Eskimo Alaska Airlines can be called "nose art", as well as the current US Navy tail squadron sign. There are exceptions, including the VIII bomber's Command, the 301-1 B-17F "Whizzer" Bomb Group, which has a girl-riding bomb on the dorsal fin.
Video Nose art
Histori
Placing personal decor on fighter starts with Italian and German pilots. The first recorded work of nose art was a sea monster painted on an Italian ship in 1913. This was followed by the popular practice of oral painting under a propeller spinner, started by a German pilot in World War I. The cavallino rampante (horse prancing) from the Italian ace Francesco Baracca is another famous image. The art of nose at that time was often conceived and produced not by the pilot, but by the crew of the airplane.
Other examples of World War I include "Hat in the Ring" from the American 94th Aero Squadron (linked to Lt. Johnny Wentworth) and "Kicking Mule" from the 95th Aero Squadron. This follows the official policy, which was formed by the Head of the United States Air Force (AEF), Air Service, Brigadier General Benjamin Foulois, on May 6, 1918, requiring the creation of different and identifiable squadron symbols. What is perhaps the most famous of all the nose arts, the famous First American Volunteer Group (AVG, Flying Tigers) shark emblem, first appeared in World War I in England Sopwith Dolphin and Roland Germany C.II, though often with effects are more funny than threatening. Three decades later, British pilots saw it on German planes during World War II. AVG in China decided to paint sharks on their P-40B after viewing a color photo in a shark mouth newspaper painted on the RAF P-40 No.9 Squadron fighter in North Africa. The English version itself is inspired by the art of "sharkmouth" nose (without eyes) on heavy fighters Bf 110 of ZG 76.
While the art of nose of World War I is usually decorated or a tremendous squadron symbol, true nose art emerged during World War II, which is considered by many observers as the golden age of the genre, with both Axis and Allied pilots taking part. At the height of the war, nose artists are in very high demand at USAAF and are paid well enough for their services while AAF commanders tolerate the art of nose in an effort to improve aircrew morale. The US Navy, by contrast, bans the art of nose, most remarkably limited to a few simple names, while nose art is rare in RAF or RCAF.
The work was done by professional civil artists as well as talented amateur warriors. In 1941, for example, the 39th Pursuit Squadron commissioned Bell Aircraft artists to design and paint the Cobra in the Clouds logo on their aircraft. Perhaps the most enduring nose art of World War II is the shark-face motif, which first appeared in Bf-110 of the Luftwaffe 76th Destroyer Wing over Crete, where the twin-engine Messerschmitt defeated the Gloster Gladiator biplanes of the RAF 112 Squadron. The Commonwealth pilots were drawn to Egypt and reassembled with Curtiss Tomahawks from the same assembly line assembly fighter for the AVG Flying Tigers recruited for service in China. In November 1941, AVG pilots saw the 112 Squadron Tomahawk in a weekly illustration and immediately adopted a shark-face motif for their own aircraft. This work is done by pilots and ground crews on the ground. However, the emblem for "Flying Tigers" - Winged Winged Tiger that jumps through the V symbol for Victory - developed by graphic artist from Walt Disney Company.
Similarly, when in 1943 the 39th Combatron Squadron became the first American squadron in their theater with 100 kill, they adopted a shark-face for their P-38 Lightnings. Shark-faces are still in use today, most commonly seen on the A-10 Thunderbolt II (with gaping jaws that lead to the muzzle gun of the GAU-8 Avenger 30mm plane), especially those of the 23F Fighter Group, AVG lineage, and a proof of its popularity as a nose art form.
The largest ever naval artwork ever depicted on WW World War II aircraft is the Liberator B-24J, tail number 44-40973, named "Dragon and Tail" from the Fifth Air Force Bomb Squadron the 5th USAAF, Group Bomb 43d, in the Southwest Pacific, was flown by a crew led by Joseph Pagoni, with Staff Sergeant Sarkis Bartigan as an artist. Dragon artwork ran from the nose right in front of the cockpit, along the entire side of the fuselage, with the dragon's body depicted just below and just behind the cockpit, with a dragon holding a naked woman on her front leg.
Tony Starcer is a guest artist for the 91st Bomber Group (Weight), one of the first six groups to be deployed by the Eighth Air Force. Starcer painted more than a hundred pieces of the famous B-17 art, including "Memphis Belle". A commercial artist named Brinkman, from Chicago is responsible for the zodiac-themed nose art of the 834 Bom Squadron equipped with Liberator B-24, based in RAF Sudbury, England.
Contemporary research shows that bomber crews, who suffered high casualties during World War II, often developed strong ties with the airplanes they were traveling on, and lovingly adorned them with nose art. It was also believed by the flight crew that the art of nose brings good luck to the plane.
The artistic work of pin-up girls Alberto from Esquire magazine often duplicated, or adapted, by air force crew and painted on the nose of an American plane and allies during World War II.
Some of World War II era nose art is a warning or intended to honor certain people like B-29 Superfortress, "The Ernie Pyle".
In the Korean War, nose art was popular with A-26 and B-29 bomber operating units, C-119 Flying Boxcar transport, and USAF bombers. Due to changes in military policy and changes in attitudes toward women's representation, the number of nose art declined after the Korean War.
During the Vietnam War, AC-130 combat troops from the US Air Force Special Operations Squadron were often named with accompanying nose art - for example, "Thor", "Azrael - Angel of Death", "Ghost Rider", "War Lord" and " Arbitrator. " The unofficial warship badge from the flying skeleton with Minigun was also applied to many aircraft until the end of the war and then officially adopted.
The art of nose resurrected during the Gulf War and has become more common since Operation Enduring Freedom and the Iraq War began. Many crews combine artwork as part of a camouflage pattern. The United States Air Force has formally approved the return of the pin-up (albeit well-dressed) with the Strategic Air Command which enabled the art of nose on the strength of its bomber in the last years of Commando. The continuation of historic names like "Memphis Belle" is encouraged.
Maps Nose art
Region variation
The source material for American nose art varies, ranging from pinup like Rita Hayworth and Betty Grable and cartoon characters like Donald Duck, Bugs Bunny, and Popeye to patriotic characters (Yankee Doodle) and fiction heroes (Sam Spade). Fortune symbols like dice and playing cards also inspire the art of the nose, along with references to death like the Grim Reaper. Cartoon and pinup are most popular among American artists, but other works include animals, nicknames, hometowns, and popular song and movie titles. Some nose art and slogans impose insults on enemies, especially for enemy leaders.
The farther the aircraft and the crew come from headquarters or from the public eye, races that tend to tend to art. For example, nudity is more common in nose art on planes in the Pacific than on planes in Europe.
Luftwaffe plane does not often display the art of nose, but there are exceptions. For example, Mickey Mouse graced Condor Legion Bf-109 during the Spanish Civil War and one Ju-87A was decorated with large pigs in a white circle during the same period. Adolf Galland's Bf-109E-3 from JG 26 also had a depiction of Mickey Mouse, holding a contemporary phone in his hand, in mid-1941. Ju-87B-1 ( Geschwaderkennung S2 AC) from Stab II/St. G 77, piloted by Major Alfons Orthofer and based at Breslau-SchÃÆ'¶ngarten (currently Copernicus Airport Wroc? Aw) during the Polish invasion, painted with shark's mouth, and some Bf-110s adorned with ferocious wolf heads, stylistic wasps (such as with SKG 210 and ZG 1), or as in the case of ZG 76, the shark's mouth greatly inspired both RAF Squadron 112 and in turn the Flying Tiger in China, on the nose or the engine cover. Another example is Erich Hartmann's Bf-109G-14, "Lumpi", with the head of an eagle. The Jagdgeschwader 54 fighter wings are known as GrÃÆ'¼nherz (Green Heart) after their plane emblems, big green hearts. The Geschwader was originally formed in ThÃÆ'¼ringen, dubbed the "green heart of Germany". Probably the most striking art of the Luftwaffe's nose is the epitome of the red and white snake serpent that runs across certain bodies of Ju 87 Stucas presented with II Gruppe , and especially 6. Staffel StG 2 in North Africa, the only known work of art in Axis fighter aircraft that can rival its length on "The Dragon and his Tail" B-24. front portside display of all ground portside display.
The Soviet Air Force also decorated their aircraft with historical images, mystical animals, and patriotic slogans.
The Finnish Air Force's attitude toward nose art varies by unit. Some units forbid the art of nose, while others tolerate it. Generally, the naval art of the Finnish air force is funny or satire, like "Stalin horns" in Major Maunula Curtiss P-36.
The Japanese Air Force Self-Defense Forces have been adorning fighter aircraft with Valkyrie-themed characters under the name of Mystic Eagle and Shooting Eagle .
Beginning in 2011, the Japanese Self-Defense Forces have AH-1S Cobra anti-tank helicopters and Kawasaki OH-1 observation helicopters named Ita-Cobra and Ita-Omega respectively -something. , decorated with the theme of 4 brothers Kisarazu (???) (Akane (????), Aoi (????), Wakana (?????), Yuzu (?????)). Aoi-chan first appeared in 2011, followed by three other sisters in 2012.
Canadian troops reportedly have nose art on the CH-47D Chinook and CH-146 Griffon helicopters in Afghanistan.
Famous examples
Adolf Galland is famous for painting Mickey Mouse on his plane, and his mascot was adopted by his Gruppe during the early phase of World War II.
Werner MÃÆ'¶lders flew a temporary Yellow-nosed Bf 109F-2 with JG 51 during June 1941.
Aces of other fighters and their nose art have become synonymous.
- Don Gentile's P-51C is named "Shangri-La", with sporting eagle gloves.
- John D. Landers' P-51D, featuring distinctive black-and-white boxes with red trim.
- The Chuck Yeager airplane series is named "Glamorous Glennis", with bright letters.
- The letters and Spitfires Ian Gleed feature Figaro the Cat, from the Disney animated film 1940 Pinocchio .
- Pierre Clostermann's Hawker Tempest Le Grand Charles features the Lorraine Cross.
- Johnny Johnson's Spitfire IX features Canadian maple leaves.
- Erich Hartmann's Bf 109s features a distinctive "black tulip" design on the front of the cowling, just behind the spinner.
- James MacLachlan, who flies with an artificial arm, has his Hawker Hurricane adorned with a picture of his amputated arm that gives a V marker
- Spitfires Brendan Finucane wore a shamrock with the letter "B" in it. Top Irish boss in World War II who was also the commander of the youngest wing in the history of the Royal Air Force.
Signs of ace are often adopted by their squadrons, such as Galland's Mickey Mouse and Hartmann's black tulips (still used today in the JG 71 "Richthofen" aircraft - unknown for use on the new Eurofighter Typhoon unit).
Ted W. Lawson, who (along with Bob Considine reporter) was famous about the Doolittle Attack in 1942 at Thirty Seconds Over Tokyo , driving the bomber B-25 Mitchell, nicknamed The Ruptured Duck < i>, after a small training accident where tails erode the ground while taking off; This is decorated with caricature figure Donald Bebek angry with crutches and wearing pilot headphones.
Similar art
Designs similar to aviation art can be found during World War II on some British torpedo boats, and German and US submarines.
Prohibition
The British MoD banned the use of pin-up women in nose art on a Royal Air Force plane in 2007, when the commander decided the drawings (many contain naked women), inappropriate and potentially offensive to female personnel, although no complaints were documented.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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