oral allergy syndrome ( OAS ) is an allergic reaction in the mouth after eating food. This is a type of food allergy classified by a group of allergic reactions in the mouth in response to eating certain fruits, nuts, and vegetables (usually fresh) that usually develop in adults with fever.
OAS is not a separate food allergy, but rather represents cross-reactivity between remnants of distant trees or pollen weeds that are still found in certain fruits and vegetables. Therefore, OAS is only seen in people with seasonal pollen allergies, and most people are allergic to tree pollen. Usually limited to consumption of only raw fruits or vegetables.
Another term used for this syndrome is pollen food allergy . In adults up to 60% of all food allergic reactions are due to cross-reactions between food and inhaled allergens.
OAS is type 1 or IgE hypersensitivity, sometimes referred to as "true allergies". The immune system produces IgE antibodies against pollen; in the OAS, these antibodies also bind to (or cross-react with) other proteins that have similar structures found in plants associated with plants.
OAS can occur at any time of the year but most often occurs during the pollen season. Individuals with OAS usually develop symptoms within minutes after eating a meal.
Video Oral allergy syndrome
Signs and symptoms
OAS sufferers may have a number of allergic reactions that usually occur very quickly, within minutes after eating a trigger food. The most common reactions are itching or burning in the lips, mouth, ear canal, or pharynx. Sometimes other reactions can be triggered in the eyes, nose, and skin. Swelling of the lips, tongue, and uvula and throat tightness in the throat can be observed. This rarely produces anaphylaxis. If a patient ingests food, and the allergen is not destroyed by stomach acid, there is a high probability that there will be a reaction from the release of histamine later in the digestive tract. Vomiting, diarrhea, severe digestive disorders, or cramps can occur. Rarely, OAS can be severe and present such as wheezing, vomiting, itching and low blood pressure - regarding anaphylaxis.
Maps Oral allergy syndrome
Cause
OAS produces symptoms when people affected by eating eat certain fruits, vegetables, and legumes. Some individuals may show only allergies to one particular food, and others may show an allergic response to many foods.
Individuals with allergies to tree pollen can develop OAS for various foods. While tree pollen allergies have been successful, grass pollen is not well understood. In addition, some people have severe reactions to certain fruits and vegetables that are not included in the category of specific allergies. In recent years, it has also become clear that when tropical foods start OAS, allergies to latex may be the underlying cause.
Since allergen proteins associated with OAS are usually destroyed by cooking, most of the reactions are caused by eating raw foods. The main exceptions to this are celery and nuts, which can cause reactions even after cooking.
Cross reactions
Allergies to certain pollen are usually associated with OAS reactions to certain other foods. For example, allergies to ragweed are associated with OAS reactions to bananas, melons, melons, melons, zucchini, and cucumbers. This does not mean that all sufferers allergic to ragweed will experience adverse effects from all or even these foods. Reactions can be attributed to one type of food, with new reactions to other foods that develop later. However, the reaction to one or more foods in a particular category does not necessarily mean that a person is allergic to all the foods in that group.
- Alder pollen: almonds, apples, celery, cherries, hazel nuts, peaches, pears, parsley, raspberries, strawberries
- Powder Birch: almonds, apples, apricots, avocados, bananas, carrots, celery, cherries, chicory, coriander, fennel, fig, hazel nuts, kiwi, nectarines, parsley, parsnip, peaches, pears, peppers, plums, potatoes, plums, soybeans, strawberries, wheat; Potential: walnut
- Poll: fig, melon, tomato, orange, celery, peach
- Mugwort pollen: carrots, celery, coriander, fennel, parsley, chilli, sunflower
- Pollen: bananas, cantaloupe, cucumber, green peppers, peppers, sunflower seeds/oil, melon, watermelon, zucchini, echinacea, artichoke, dandelion, honey (if bee pollinate with pollen from wildflowers ), hibiscus or chamomile tea
- Possible cross-reaction (to any of the above): berries (orange, lemon, etc.), grapefruit (grapefruit, mango, figs, peanuts, pineapple, pomegranate, watermelon
Diagnosis
Patients usually have a history of atopy and an atopic family history. Eczema, otolaryngeal symptoms of fever or asthma often dominate and cause unexpected food allergies. Often cooked, canned, pasteurized, or frozen foods cause little or no reaction because of the cross-reacting protein denaturation, causing delays and confusion in diagnosis because the symptoms only occur in raw or fully cooked raw foods. The exact diagnosis of the type of allergen involved is very important. OAS sufferers may be allergic to more than just pollen. Oral reactions to food are often misdiagnosed by patients caused by pesticides or other contaminants. Other reactions to food - such as lactose intolerance and intolerance resulting from patients who can not metabolize natural chemicals (eg, salicylates and proteins) in food - need to be distinguished from systemic symptoms of OAS.
Test
Many people do not know that they have OAS. However, if swelling, tingling or pain develops when eating certain foods, then it is wise to see an allergy specialist. Before the diagnosis can be made, keep a food diary. This is important because doctors can perform allergy tests. Before testing begins, a comprehensive history is obtained so that random testing is avoided. The diagnosis of OAS may involve a skin prick test, a blood test, a patch test or an oral challenge. When OAS is suspected, oral challenge tests are ideal.
Exam
To confirm the OAS, the food is suspected to be consumed in the normal way. Observation period after consumption and symptoms are recorded. If other co-factors such as combined food are required, this is also replicated in the test. For example, if the individual always develops symptoms after a meal followed by exercise, then this is replicated in the laboratory.
Treatment
OAS should be managed along with other patient allergies, especially allergies to pollen. The severity of symptoms can increase and decrease with pollen levels. The amount of published pollen and seasonal charts is useful but may not be effective in cases of strong winds or unusual weather, since pollen can travel hundreds of miles from other areas.
In addition, patients are advised to avoid triggering foods, especially nuts.
Peeling or cooking foods has been shown to eliminate the effects of some allergens such as mal d 1 (apples), but not others like celery or strawberries. In the case of foods such as pecans, which have more than one allergen, cooking can remove one allergen but not another.
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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