A wisdom tooth or third molar is one of three molar per quadrant of human teeth. This is the most posterior of the three. The youngest teeth generally erupt between the ages of 17 and 25. Most adults have four wisdom teeth, one in each of the four quadrants, but it is possible to have none, fewer, or more, in this extra case called supernumerary teeth. The youngest teeth generally affect other teeth as they progress, becoming impacted. They are often extracted when or even before this happens.
Video Wisdom tooth
Structure
Variations
Youngest tooth agitation differs by population, ranging from almost zero in Aboriginal Tasmania to nearly 100% in native Mexico (see research paper with a world map showing prevalence). The difference is related to the PAX9 gene (and possibly other genes).
Maps Wisdom tooth
Function
The youngest teeth are the third vestigial molar that helps the human ancestor to grind the plant tissue. It is thought that the skull of a human ancestor has a larger jaw with more teeth, which may help chew the leaves to compensate for the lack of ability to efficiently digest the cellulose that forms the cell wall of the plant. After the advent of agriculture more than 10,000 years ago, a gentle human diet became the norm, including carbohydrate and high energy foods. Such a diet usually results in jaw growth with lower growth than our paleolithic ancestors and insufficient space for wisdom teeth.
Clinical interests
The youngest teeth (often dubbed clinically like M3 for third molar teeth) have long been identified as the source of the problem and continue to be the most affected teeth in the human mouth. The oldest known teeth belonged to a European woman in the Magdalenian period (18,000-10,000 BC). Lack of space to allow teeth to erupt results in the risk of periodontal disease and cavities that increase with age. Less than 2% of adults aged 65 years or older retain teeth without cavities or periodontal disease and 13% retain unchanging wisdom teeth without cavities or periodontal disease.
The affected wisdom teeth are classified according to the direction and depth of the impaction, the amount of space available for tooth eruption and the amount of soft tissue or bone covering them. The classification structure allows physicians to estimate the probability of impaction, infection and complications associated with wisdom tooth removal. The youngest teeth are also classified by the presence of symptoms and illness.
The eruptive molar dental treatment is the same as the other teeth in the mouth. If affected, treatment can be localized to an infected tissue above impaction, extraction or coronectomy.
History
Although officially known as the third molar, the common name is the wisdom teeth because they appear very late - much slower than other teeth, at an age where people may be "wiser" than as a child, when other teeth erupt. This term may come as a translation of the Latin dens sapientiae . Their eruptions have been known to cause dental problems for thousands of years; recorded at least as far as Aristotle:
The last tooth that comes to humans is a molar teeth called the 'wisdom tooth', which comes at the age of twenty, in the case of both sexes. Cases have been known to women over the age of eighty years in which at the very moment of life the wisdom teeth appear, causing tremendous pain in their arrival; and cases have been known about similar phenomena in men as well. This happens, when it does, in the case of people where teeth have not appeared in the early years.
See also
References
External links
- The youngest tooth The reason for extracting, recovery time and possible complications
- Institute of Clinical Health and Guidelines for Excellence for Wisdom teeth Removal
- Wisdom tooth extraction WebMD article
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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