Oral and maxillofacial surgery (OMS or OMFS ) specializes in treating many diseases, injuries and head, neck, face, jaw and tissue defects hard and soft from the mouth (mouth) and upper jaw (jaw and face) area. This is an internationally recognized surgical specialty. In countries such as the UK, Australia and most of Europe, it is recognized as a specialization of medicine and dentistry, and a double degree in medicine and dentistry is mandatory. In other countries including the United States, India, Canada, Brazil, New Zealand, and Sweden, it is a recognized specialty of dentistry.
Video Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Rule
In some countries, oral and maxillofacial surgery is a specialty recognized by professional associations, as is the case with the Dental Council of India, the American Dental Association, the Royal College of Surgeons of England, the Royal College of Dentists of Canada, the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons and Brazilian Federal Council of Odontology (CFO).
In other countries, oral and maxillofacial surgery as a specialization exists but in different forms, since this work is sometimes performed by a single or dual qualification specialist depending on individual country regulations and available training opportunities.
Maps Oral and maxillofacial surgery
Summary
Oral and maxillofacial surgeons are regional specialist surgeons who handle all craniomaxillofacial complexes: mouth anatomical area, jaw, face, and skull, and related structures.
Depending on the jurisdiction, the maxillofacial surgeon may require training in dentistry, surgery, and general medicine; training and qualifications in medicine can be done optionally even if not required.
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is widely recognized as one of the specialties of dentistry. In many countries, however, maxillofacial surgery is a medical specialty that requires both medical and dental degrees, culminating in appropriate qualifications (eg Fellow of the Royal College of Surgeons, FRCS, in the UK). All oral and maxillofacial surgeons, however, must obtain a bachelor's degree in dentistry before beginning resident training in oral and maxillary surgery. In the United States, the oral and maxillofacial residency programs may last for four or six years. The program that gives the MD degree is six years old.
They may also choose to undergo further training in Oral Fellowship Training and Maxillofacial Surgery for one or two years in the following areas:
- Cosmetic face surgery
- Maxillofacial trauma
- Craniofacial surgery/maxillofacial surgery of the child/cleft surgery
- Head and neck cancer - microvascular reconstruction
- Maxillofacial regeneration (facial area reform with advanced stem cell techniques)
The popularity of oral and maxillary surgery as a career for people whose first degree is medicine, not dentistry, seems to be increasing in some EU countries. However, public funds spent over 14 years of training are a major concern for the government. Integrated programs are becoming more available to medical graduates who enable them to complete dental grade requirements within about three years so they can progress to further oral and maxillofacial surgical training.
Surgical procedure
Treatment may be performed on the craniomaxillofacial complex: mouth, jaw, face, neck, and skull, and include:
- Dentoalveolar surgery (surgery to remove impaction teeth, difficult tooth extraction, retraction in medically compromised patients, bone grafting or preprosthetic surgery to provide better anatomy for implant placement, dentures, or other dental prostheses )
- Surgery to include a dental implant osseointegration (bone union) and a maxillofacial implant to install a craniofacial protrone and a bone-hearing aid.
- Head and neck cosmetic surgery: (rhytidectomy/facelift, browlift, blepharoplasty/Asian blepharoplasty, otoplasty, rinoplasty, septoplasty, cheek enlargement, chin enlargement, genioplasty, oculoplastics, liposuction of the neck, lip enhancement, cosmetic injections, botox, chemicals etc.)
- Corrective jaw surgery (orthognathic surgery), surgical treatment and/or splinting sleep apnea, maxillomandibular enhancement, genioplasty
- Diagnosis and treatment:
- benign pathology (cyst, tumor, etc.)
- malignant pathology (cancer of the mouth and head and neck) with (ablative surgery and reconstruction, micro surgery)
- skin malignancy (skin cancer), lip reconstruction
- congenital craniofacial malformations such as cleft lip and palate and cranial malformations such as craniosinostosis, (craniofacial surgery)
- chronic facial pain disorder
- temporomandibular joint disorder (TMJ)
- dysgnathia (the wrong bite), and orthognathic (literally "straight bite") reconstructive surgery, orthognathic surgery, maxillomandibular progress, surgical asymmetry correction of face.
- soft and hard tissue trauma from the mouth and upper jaw areas (fracture of the jaw, cheekbone fracture, nasal fracture, LeFort fracture, skull fracture and eye socket fracture).
Anesthesia training
In the United States, oral and maxillofacial surgeons are required to undergo intensive anesthesia intensive training for five months. An additional month of pediatric anesthesia training is also required.
The American Society of Anesthesiologists publishes the Statement to the Anesthesia Treatment Team that establishes anesthesiologist and qualified practitioners as anesthesiologists, anesthesiology fellows, anesthesiologists, oral surgery patients, anesthesia assistants, and anesthesia nurses.
Laser app in OMS
Lasers were first introduced to CSOs in the mid-1980s starting with CO 2 lasers. The CO 2 laser (carbon dioxide) remains the gold standard for soft tissue surgery due to the simultaneous ease of photo-thermal ablation and coagulation (and small blood capillary hemostasis). The CO 2 lasers are used in oral and dental surgery for almost all soft-tissue procedures, such as gingivecomies, vestibuloplasties, frenectomies and operculectomies. The wavelength of CO 2 laser 10,600Ã,m is also safe around the implant because it is reflected by titanium, and thus has gained popularity in the field of periodontology. This may be effective in treating peri-implantitis.
In the UK and most of Europe
Oral and maxillofacial surgeon (OMF) specializes in the diagnosis and treatment of diseases affecting the mouth, jaw, face and neck.
OMF's operation is unique in demanding dual qualifications in medicine and dentistry, and is often seen as a bridge between medicine and dentistry, treating conditions requiring the expertise of both backgrounds such as head and neck cancer, salivary gland disease, facial disproportion, facial pain, temporomandibular joint disorders, affected teeth, cysts and jaw tumors as well as many problems affecting the oral mucosa such as canker sores and infections.
Many OMF surgeons focus on one of these areas to develop a sub-specialist interest in a broader range of specializations. In Australia, New Zealand, and North America
Oral and maxillofacial surgery is one of nine dental specialties recognized by the American Dental Association, the Royal College of Dentists of Canada, and the Royal Australasian College of Dental Surgeons. Oral and maxillofacial surgery requires four to six years of advanced formal university training after school (DDS, BDent, DMD or BDS). In the United States, a four-year residency program provides special training certificates in oral and maxillofacial surgery. The six-year residency program provides a special certificate in addition to a degree such as a medical degree (MD, DO, MBBS, MBChB etc.), or a research degree (MS, MSc, MPhil, MDS, MSD, MDSc, ​​DClinDent, DSc, DMSc, or PhD). Both four and six year graduates are designated "Decent Boards," and those who get "Certification" are Diplomats. About 50% of US training programs and 66% of Canadian training programs are "dual-degree".
Typical training programs for oral and maxillofacial surgeons are:
- 2-4 years of undergraduate study (BS, BA, or equivalent degree)
- 4 years of dental studies (DMD, BDent, DDS or BDS)
- 4-6 years of residency training - Some courses integrate additional degrees such as: a master's degree (MS, MDS, MSc, MClinDent, MScDent, MDent), doctoral degree (PhD, DMSc, DClinDent, DSc), or medical degree (MBBS , MD, DO, MBChB, MDCM)
- Upon completion of the surgical training, most perform a final special examination: AS: "Board Certified (ABOMS)", Australia/NZ: FRACDS, or Canada: "FRCDC"
- Some colleges offer membership or scholarships in oral/maxillofacial surgery: MOralSurg RCS, M (OMS) RCPS, FFD RCSI, FEBOS, FACOM, FFD RCS, FAMS, FCDSHK, FCMFOS (SA)
- Recently qualified maxillofacial and maxillofacial surgeons are now also awarded a scholarship with the American College of Surgeons (FACS).
- Average total length after high school: 12-14 years
In addition, graduates of oral and maxillofacial surgical training programs can pursue scholarships, usually 1-2 years, in the following areas:
- Head and neck cancer - microvascular reconstruction
- Cosmetic face surgery (facelift, rinoplasty, etc.)
- Craniofacial and maxillofacial pediatric surgery (improvement of cleft lip and palate, surgery for craniosinostosis, etc.)
- Cranial-maxillofacial trauma (soft tissue and skeletal injury to the face, head and neck)
In Hong Kong
In Hong Kong the master's program and advanced diploma programs are offered by the Dentistry Faculty of the University of Hong Kong. The department of oral and maxillofacial surgery is available in public hospitals run by the Hospital Authority.
In the Czech Republic (EU)
"Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery" is one of three dental specialties. "Maxillofacial Surgery" is a specialty of general medicine. Both specialties are represented by the Czech Association for Maxillo-Facial Surgery.
Oral and maxillofacial training takes at least 5 years and consists of: 48 months of training at OMFS. 12 months internship in: anesthesiology, internal medicine, general surgery, pediatrics, plastic surgery, aesthetics and reconstructive, ophthalmology, neurosurgery and ENT.
This program is reserved for graduates of the current 5 year dentistry program, recognized by the MDDr title. (Medicinae Dentalis Doctor), or a 6-year stomatology program recognized by the title MUDr. (Medicinae Universalis Doctor at Stomatologia). Upon completion of the program, specialists in OMFS are eligible to provide care in the full range of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery and Practical Dentistry.
Maxillofacial surgery training takes at least 5 years and consists of: 30 months of core training including MFS and internship in: anesthesiology, internal medicine, general surgery.
30 months of specialized training including MFS and internship in: pediatrics, plastic surgery, aesthetics and reconstructive, ophthalmology, neurosurgery and ENT.
This program is provided for graduates of the 6 year program of general medicine, recognized by the title MUDr. (Medicinae Universalis Doctor). Upon completion of the program, specialists at MFS are eligible to provide care in maxillofacial surgery. Treatment in Oral Surgery can only be done if supervised by an OMFS specialist or dentist or also has a dental degree.
It was recommended by the Czech Association for Maxillo-Facial Surgery to obtain both degrees (dentistry and general).
References
External links
- American Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology Academy
- The American Association of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
- The American Agency of Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery
- Oral and Oral Maxillofacial Association of India
- The Orthopedic and British Maxillofacial Association
- Canadian Oral and Maxillofacial Surgery Association
- Indonesian Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeon Association
- International Oral and Maxillofacial Surgeons
- Italian Society Oral & amp; Maxillofacial Surgery
- Journal of Cranio-Maxillofacial Surgery
- Sociedad EspaÃÆ' Â ± ola de CirugÃÆ'a Oral y Maxilofacial
- Czech Association for Maxillo Facial Surgery
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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