Philadelphia International Airport (IATA: PHL , ICAO: KPHL , FAA LID: PHL ), often referred to only by its IATA code PHL , is the main airport in Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States, and is the largest airport in the Delaware Valley region and in the state. The airport is the main international hub for American and regional cargo centers for UPS Airlines. Philadelphia International Airport is also a focal city for very cheap airline Frontier.
The airport has services to destinations in the United States, Canada, Caribbean, Latin America, Europe and the Middle East. In the summer of 2018, 133 total destinations will be served, including 97 domestic and 36 international destinations. Most of the airport properties are located in Philadelphia proper. The international terminal and the western tip of the airfield are located in Tinicum Town, Delaware County. PHL covers 2,302 hectares (932 ha) and has 4 runways.
Video Philadelphia International Airport
Histori
Beginning in 1925 the Pennsylvania National Guard used the PHL site (known as Hog Island) as a training ground. The site is dedicated as "Philadelphia Municipal Airport" by Charles Lindbergh in 1927, but did not have the exact terminal building until 1940; airline using airfield (on 39.930 Â ° N 75.078 Â ° W / 39.930 ; -75.078 ) in nearby Camden, New Jersey. After the Philadelphia terminal is completed (on the east side of the pitch) American, Eastern, TWA and United flights begin.
In 1947 and 1950 the airport had runways 4, 9, 12 and 17, totaling 5400 feet or less. In 1956 the foundation 9 was 7284 feet; in 1959 it was 9499 feet and runway 12 was closed. Not much change occurred until the early 1970s, when runway 4 was closed and 9R opened with 1,000 feet.
On June 20, 1940, the airport weather station became the official point for Philadelphia weather observations and records by the National Weather Service.
World War II Usage
During World War II the Air Force of the United States Air Force used the airport as a First Air Force training ground.
Beginning in 1940, the Coatesville-based Sunway Flight School conducted major flight training at airports under contract with Air Corps. After Pearl Harbor Attack, I Fighter Command Philadelphia Fighter Wing provides air defense in the Delaware Valley area of ​​the airport. During the war, various groups of fighters and bombers were organized and trained at Philadelphia airport and assigned to the Philadelphia Fighter Wing before being sent to advanced training ground or deployed abroad. Known units assigned are Fighter Group 33d, 58th, 355th and 358th.
In June 1943, I Fighter Command transferred airport jurisdiction to the Air Service Technical Command (ATSC). ATSC established a sub-depot from Middletown Air Depot at the airport. Special Air Force Unit Air Force 855 Depot repaired and remodeled the aircraft and returned it to active service, and Air Force Air Force Training Command established the Philco Training School on January 1, 1943, which trained personnel in radio repair and operation.
During 1945 the Air Force reduced the use of the airport and was returned to civilian control in September.
Commercial use
The city of Philadelphia became Philadelphia International in 1945, when Overseas Airlines America embarked on a direct flight to Europe. (For a short time AOA flight through New York, it was probably the only international flight in Philadelphia until Pan Am tried not to stop to Europe in 1961.) A new terminal opened in December 1953; the oldest part of this terminal complex (B and C) was built in the late 50s.
April 1957 OAG shows 30 days of departure in Eastern, 24 TWA, 24 United, 18 American, 16 National, 14 Capital, 6 Allegheny and 3 Delta. To Europe, five Pan Am DC-6Bs a week through Idlewild and Boston and two TWA 749 Like a week through Idlewild; one TWA flight proceeded to Ceylon. East and National have nonstop to Miami, but TWA 1049G to LAX (starting 1956) is the only nonstop outside of Chicago.
Modernization of Terminal B/C completed in 1970, Terminal D opened in 1973 and Terminal E in 1977; a $ 300 million expansion designed by Arnold Thompson Associates, Inc. and Vincent G. Kling & amp; Associates.
In the 1980s PHL hosted several hubs. The Airline Deregulation Act of 1978 allows the regional airline Altair Airlines to create a small hub at PHL using the Fokker F-28. Altair began in 1967 with flights to cities such as Rochester, New York, Hartford, Connecticut and to Florida until it ceased operations in November 1982. In the mid-1980s Eastern Air Lines opened a hub in Concourse C. The airline decreased at the end 1980 and sells aircraft and rental gateways to Midway Airlines based in Chicago. Midway operated the Philadelphia hub until it ceased operations in 1991. During the 1980s US Airways (later called USAir) built a hub at PHL.
US Airways became the dominant operator in PHL during the 1980s and 1990s and shifted most of its center operations from Pittsburgh to Philadelphia in 2003. In 2013 PHL is the largest international hub in the US. From January 2013, the underlying lease agreement for US Airways operations at PHL expires at the end of June 2015.
In July 1999, the Pennsylvania Department of Transportation (PennDOT) and several US federal agents selected routes for the connecting route from the north and south of Interstate 95 to the A-West Terminal complex, currently under development; the agency tried to avoid John Heinz National Wildlife Refuge in Tinicum. However K/B Fund II, the owner of the International Plaza complex, formerly Scott Paper's headquarters, Scott Plaza, objected to the proposed route. K/B Dana II believes that the proposed routing will interfere with the construction of the International Plaza. This includes filing in the US Court of Appeals for the Third Circuit to challenge the proposed route. In 2000 the airport sought to acquire the complex for $ 90 million but the Tinicum Township commissioner halted the agreement to move forward, citing fears of a loss of tax revenues for the townships and the Interboro School District, serving Tinicum, as well as noise pollution concerns..
In 2002, the construction of a controversial new entrance continues to advance. New slopes eliminate traffic signals and stop the junction previously encountered by northern I-95 riders who have to exit to Route 291 to reach the airport. The project consists of six new bridges, over 4,300 square feet of retaining wall, and 7.7 kilometers of new pavement miles. The project also includes new street lighting, overhead sign structures, landscaping and Bartram Avenue paving. Also under the project, PennDot reappears I-95 between Route 420 and Island Avenue and builds truck enforcement and park-and-ride facilities. In 2003, the A-West Terminal was opened for passengers; the terminal is equipped with a parking garage of 1,500 rooms. The construction of the terminal is funded with proceeds from airport income bonds sold by the Philadelphia Authority for Industrial Development.
In 2005, there were two studies related to runway capacity expansion at PHL: the EIS Runway Extension Project 17-35 and the EIS PHL Capacity Building Program. Completed in May 2009, the Extension Project 17-35 runway extends the 17-35 runway to a length of 6,500 feet (2,000 m), extends at both ends and incorporates the appropriate runway safety area. Other changes made with the Extension 17-35 Runway Project include additional taxiways and aprons, perimeter service road relocation, and nearby public road modifications.
Philadelphia International Airport is currently one of the busiest airports in the world and one of the fastest growing in the United States. Its status as a major international gateway for American Airlines and the growth of Southwest Airlines and other low-cost airlines has helped passenger traffic to reach record levels. In 2004, a total of 28,507,420 passengers flew through Philadelphia, up 15.5% over 2003. In 2005, 31,502,855 passengers flew through PHL, marking a 10% increase since 2004. In 2006, 31,768,272 passengers traveling through PHL, an increase of 0.9%.
With a length of 12,000 feet (3,658 meters), the recently-extended 9R/27L (previously 10,506 feet) foundation is the longest commercial runway in the state of Pennsylvania.
Future expansion
Such growth does not come without difficulty. There are questions about how much passenger growth can happen. Terminal layout and airport runways currently achieve full utilization and PHL remains the largest airport in the world without an inground fuel injection system requiring fuel to be transported to every aircraft. Both of these factors cause congestion and delay. In addition, airport parking facilities have been taxed. The exhaustion of all 17,000 parking spaces at the airport has become a regular occurrence. However, airport officials have ambitious plans for terminal expansion and runways.
The Capacity Building program has much greater coverage and is considering a more drastic way to improve runway capacity. On December 30, 2010, a $ 5.2 billion project for 13 years will extend two main runways and add a new runway passed by the FAA. The project will also create two new passenger terminals, the first terminal will be built in which the terminal complex is currently located and the second terminal will be built opposite the current terminal complex. The project will also relocate UPS facilities and rebuild the cargo town, cargo complex at PHL. The redesigned UPS facility will require the demolition of some nearby Tinicum Town homes. But after much resistance by the residents of the houses, a deal was made to safeguard homes and expand airports elsewhere. The new project will now cost $ 6.4 billion.
Southwest Airlines, the fastest growing airline for several years after starting service to PHL in 2004, works with cities and airports to expand and improve its facilities. Southwest recently built a combined ticket counter lobby for D and E terminals, a major security checkpoint for two terminals and additional concessions. The hammerhead expansion into the E concourse was completed in February 2010. However, Southwest then ended the non-stop service to PHL from most of its non-focused cities due to competition with US Airways. The January 2013 lease renewal obtained by US Airways relies on a number of future increases, and rental updates provide some funding.
Maps Philadelphia International Airport
Economic impact
Philadelphia International Airport is important to Philadelphia, the metropolitan area and the Commonwealth of Pennsylvania. The Commonwealth Aviation Bureau reported at the Pennsylvania Air Service Monitor that the total economic impact made by state airports in 2004 was $ 22 billion. PHL alone accounts for $ 14 billion or 63% of the total. Calculations include both direct spending and multiplier effect of that spending throughout the state economy.
Terminal
Philadelphia International Airport has seven terminal buildings, which are divided into seven framed concourse, which together contain 124 total gates. Until the end of November 2015, it is possible to walk to any air terminal. Terminal F, completed in 2003, was initially not connected to the entire terminal complex, and the gates could only be accessed by separate TSA Security Checkpoints or by shuttle bus between Terminal F and Terminal C using C16 gates, old American Eagle gates and between Terminals F and Terminal A, at gate A1. With the opening of the connector secure, the shuttle service is still there. There is a large shopping/dining area between Concourses B and C. There is no luggage storage facility at the airport. As part of the US $ 6.4 billion expansion plan of Philadelphia International Airport, automated person drivers are expected to be built in 2022, as part of a 25-year airport expansion project, to move passengers between terminals.
Terminal A West
One of the two newest terminal buildings at the airport, A-West Terminal has a very modern and innovative design, created by Kohn Pedersen Fox, Pierce Goodwin Alexander & amp; Linville and Kelly/Maiello. Opened in 2003 as a new international terminal, it is now home to America; domestic and international, British Airways, Icelandair, Lufthansa, and Qatar Airways. The restaurant offers a variety of international dining options.
International Arrivals (except from locations with customs) arrive at the gate at Terminal A West and East A and processed at the arrival building of Terminal A West.
Terminal A West berisi 13 gerbang: A14 hingga A26.
Terminal A East
This terminal, originally the airport's international terminal, is now used by Aer Lingus and American domestic and international flights as well as international arrivals for Frontier Airlines. A-East is well maintained and recently received an upgrade to the baggage claim facility. Most of the gates in this terminal are equipped to handle international arrivals and passengers are taken to customs facilities at A-West terminal. Opened in 1990. The security entrance is significantly enlarged in 2012.
The A-East terminal contains 11 gates: A2 through A13 (except A5; American Eagle shuttle bus stop designated as A1).
Terminal B and C
Terminals B and C are the two main terminals used by Americans. They were renovated at a cost of $ 135 million in 1998, designed by DPK & amp; A Architects, LLP. They are connected by a shopping center and a food court called the Philadelphia Marketplace. Renovations have begun in the gate area, although these cosmetic changes will not solve the space problem at many gates. Overall, the facilities are quite modern and dining options at the concourse are also available. They are the oldest terminal and opened in 1953.
Terminal B contains 15 gates: B1 to B16 (except B12) and Terminal C contains 15 gates: C17 to C31.
Terminal D
Terminal D and Terminal E were upgraded at the end of 2008 with a new road connecting the two terminals while providing combined security, stores and restaurants and the relationship between Baggage Claims D and E. It was originally opened in 1973. This is the opposite of the liaison between the Terminal B and C, which consists of combined ticket space but separate security facilities. Terminal D is home to Air Canada, Alaska Airlines, Delta, and United. The terminal is connected to the B/C Terminal shopping area via post-security road.
Terminal D contains 16 gates: D1 to D16.
Terminal E
Terminal E is home to Frontier, JetBlue Airways, Southwest, and Spirit. Terminal E is also the departure site of Delta and Delta Connection. The departure gate for Delta and Delta Connection is located in Concourse D. It was opened in 1977.
Terminal E berisi 17 gerbang: E1 hingga E17.
Terminal F (Concourse 1, 2, dan 3)
Terminal F is a regional terminal used by American Eagle flights. These include special jet bridges that allow passengers to ride regional jets without walking in aprons. Opened in 2001, Terminal F is the second most recent terminal building in PHL. This was designed by Odell Associates, Inc. and The Sheward Partnership.
When Terminal F opened in 2001, it contained 10,000 sq ft (930 m 2 ) space for concessions.
Terminal F contains 38 gates: F1 to F39 (except F8; the American Eagle shuttle bus stop is designated as F10, and there are additional gates labeled F22A).
Airlines and destinations
Passenger
Cargo
Statistics
Top destinations
Annual traffic
Ground Transport
Train
The taxi cost a flat rate of $ 26.25 from the airport to central Philadelphia.
The Airport R1 line provides services to and from stations at Terminals A, B, C, D, and E and provides fast and cross-passenger traffic between the airport, Philadelphia City Center and other SEPTA trains, Amtrak trains and NJ Trains transit at Station 30th Street. In 2005, the tariff was $ 5.50 a way to the City Center, and $ 7.00 for a trip to another station on the SEPTA Regional Rail network. SEPTA also operates bus services to and from the airport.
SEPTA Regional Rail Station
- East/West Airport Terminal
- Airport Terminal B
- Airport Terminals C & amp; D
- Airport Terminals E & amp; F
R1 SEPTA Airport Line provides transportation on the SEPTA Regional Rail system to and from the airport through Center City Philadelphia and Glenside, PA. Many train on weekdays and all weekend trains provide additional services to Warminster, PA along the Warminster R2 Line. The full schedule of R1 services to and from the airport can be found on the R2 schedule. The station is located next to the baggage claim at each terminal with escalator and lift access from the skywalk terminal respectively.
A rental car is available through a number of companies, all of which must be reached by shuttle bus.
Road
Philadelphia International Airport has access roads from the junction with I-95, which heads north toward Center City Philadelphia and south to Delaware County. PA 291 leads northeast from the airport area and provides access to and from I-76 (Schuylkill Expressway). A rental car is available through a number of companies; each operating a shuttle bus between the facility and the terminal. As part of the airport expansion plan, the airport plans to build a consolidated rental car facility. Taxis charge a flat rate, currently $ 28.50 plus fuel surcharge, for transportation from the airport to downtown Philadelphia. Travel sharing services Uber and Lyft serve Philadelphia international flights.
Bus
SEPTA also operates a variety of bus routes to the airport: Route 37 (serving South Philadelphia and Chester Transportation Center), Route 108 (serving 69th Street Transportation Center and UPS air hub), and Route 115 (serving Delaware County Community College and Darby Transportation Center).
As a benefit to students, local schools including The University of Pennsylvania, Villanova University, Swarthmore College, Haverford College and Saint Joseph's University have traditionally operated transportation to airports during heavy travel periods such as spring breaks and Thanksgiving.
Accidents and incidents
- On January 14, 1951, Flight 83 crashed on landing in Philadelphia from Newark. The plane slipped off the runway, crashed into a fence and stopped in a ditch. During the incident, the left wing was cut off, crippling the gas tanks and setting the plane on fire. There are seven fatalities in all. Frankie Housley, the only flight attendant on Flight 83, took ten passengers to safety but lost her life trying to save a baby.
- On February 7, 2006, UPS Airlines Douglas DC-8 cargo plane suffered a cargo fire inside the plane and made an emergency landing at Philadelphia International Airport after being filled with smoke. There were no injuries other than inhaling the smoke that affected the crew, but the aircraft burned on the ground for hours until night, although most cargo survived, the plane lost its total, with several holes burned through the roof shell. According to the NTSB, the firefighting crew did not have sufficient training to use a piercing apparatus and did not know how to open the main cargo door, trying to force the handle and break the hook, leaving the door unopened. There is also difficulty in getting cargo manifest to determine how if there is any dangerous material on board, due to confusion about the protocol. However, despite these failures, airport staff, including firefighters, manage the incidents successfully without injury or major disruption to the airport. The NTSB suspects lithium ion batteries are a source of ignition and make recommendations for more stringent rules and restrictions on their air transport, especially on passenger aircraft (unlike this one). For the cause of the incident, the NTSB focuses on indications of delayed fires by the onboard fire detection system as necessary and criticizes the standards for which the system is tested, noting that the test uses empty cargo loads and does not represent the reality of the world performance of a fully loaded cargo detection system significantly changed the pattern of hot air flow and smoke. The crew and air traffic control personnel are known to have behaved properly (with minor exceptions) and do not become guilty of the incident or consequence.
- On April 17, 2018, Southwest Airlines Flight 1380, a Boeing 737-700 en route from New York to Dallas, suffered engine failure on its left hand. The debris from the engine hit the fuselage plane and the side window. The window failed, causing rapid depressurization of the aircraft, which made an emergency landing and diverted to land at Philadelphia International Airport. One passenger died after partial removal from a failed window. Seven others were injured and treated locally at the airport.
See also
- Hog Island
- Philadelphia Northeast Airport
- Philadelphia TRACON
- Pennsylvania World War II Army plane
References
External links
Media linked to Philadelphia International Airport on Wikimedia Commons
- Philadelphia International Airport (official website)
- FAA Airport Master Notes for PHL ( Form 5010 PDF )
- Wings Over Philadelphia - Abundant Information About PHL
- Pennsylvania Aviation Bureau: Philadelphia International Airport
- Food and Shop at PHL
- PHL-Citizens Aviation Watch
- FAA Airport Chart Ã, (PDF) , effective June 21, 2018
- Resources for this airport:
- AirNav airport information for KPHL
- ASN crash history for PHL
- FlightAware airport information and direct flight trackers
- NOAA/NWS latest weather observations
- Aeronautical graph SkyVector for KPHL
- Current PHL FAA delays information
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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