The Royal Naval Base, Portsmouth ( HMNB Portsmouth ) is one of three operating bases in the United Kingdom for the Royal Navy (the others are HMNB Clyde and HMNB Devonport). Portsmouth Naval Base is a part of Portsmouth town; located on the east coast of Portsmouth Harbor, north of Solent and Isle of Wight. Until the early 1970s it was officially known as the Portsmouth Royal Dockyard (or HM Dockyard, Portsmouth); elements of shipbuilding, repair and maintenance of the base were privatized in the late 1990s/early 2000s.
This base is home to one of the oldest dry docks in the world, as well as being the headquarters for two thirds of the Royal Navy's surface fleet. The base is also home to a number of commercial beach activities (including vessel repair facilities operated by BAE Systems Maritime); naval logistics, accommodation and messing; and personnel support functions (eg medical and dental, educational, pastoral and welfare) provided by Defense Equipment and Support.
The base is the oldest in the Royal Navy and has been an important part of the history of the Senior Service and defense of the British Isles for centuries. At one time it was the largest industrial site in the world. Around the year 2000, the appointment of HMS Nelson (which until then was specific to Portsmouth Navy Barracks on Queen Street) was extended to cover the entire base.
Commander of the base since June 2015 is Commodore Peter J. Sparkes.
The port is under the control of Master Pelabuhan Ratu (QHM), currently Commander Nigel Hare, who is a regulator of Portsmouth Harbor Portsmouth Port, covers approximately 50 square miles (130 km 2 ) including Portsmouth and Solent Harbor East. QHM Harbor Control is based in the Semaphore Tower building. The shipping movement was handled by an admiralty pilot team led by Admiralty's Chief Pilot Anthony Bannister.
The Portsmouth naval base is home to two thirds of Royal Navy surface ships, and employs up to 17,200 people. In addition, Portsmouth builds parts, and will be the home port of two new Navy aircraft carriers ordered in 2008, HMS Queen Elizabeth and HMS Prince of Wales ; they have asked for a dredged port to allow in and out safely. Claimed that this project has secured the future of the base for the next forty years and will revitalize shipbuilding in the city; However, due to budget cuts in 2013 shipbuilding in Portsmouth closed supporting BAE keeps opening yards in Glasgow. (It has been speculated that this is to help keep Scotland in unity during the Scottish independence referendum 2014 and has been advised by the BAE chairman that shipbuilding may return to the city if Scotland elects independence.)
In 1985, a partnership between the Defense Ministry and the Portsmouth City Council established the Portsmouth Naval Property Trust to manage parts of the historic southwest corner of the Naval Base, under a 99-year lease, as a heritage area: Portsmouth Historic Dockyard. This allows community members to visit important maritime attractions such as Mary Rose, HMSÃ, Victory and HMS, Warrior.
Video HMNB Portsmouth
Basis fungsi
The base serves as the host for most of the Royal Navy's surface fleet including the Queen Elizabeth, the Type 45 Destroyer, the Six Type 23 frigates, the River class fishery protection vessel and the squadrons of my countervailing vessels (mine sweepers and mine- ). Most of the Portsmouth-based ships are part of the Portsmouth Flotilla, under the reorganization of the first fleet to see three (Portsmouth, Devonport and Faslane) flotillas ports replacing frigate and destroyer squads and other groupings.
A total of about 17,300 people work at the base. Until 2012, the Second Sea Lord as the Supreme Commander of the Navy, flying its flag from HMS Victory , which is the oldest commissioned warship in the world (although it was originally built at Chatham Dockyard). Since then, the post of Supreme Commander (and with it the use of Victory as seed) has been returned to the First Sea Lord. (The Second Sea Lord is now at Henry Leach Building on Whale Island, which is also the headquarters of the Fleet Commander.)
Portsmouth Flotilla
. The flotilla adalah unit komponen dari Armada Permukaan Angkatan Laut Kerajaan.
Ship of the Line
- HMS Kemenangan
kapal induk kelas-Ratu Elizabeth
- HMS Ratu Elizabeth
Ketik 45 destroyer
- HMS Berani
- HMS Dauntless
- HMS Diamond
- HMS Naga
- HMS Pembela
- HMS Duncan
Ketik 23 frigat
- HMS Kent
- HMS St Albans
- HMS Lancaster
- HMS Iron Duke
- HMS Westminster
- HMS Richmond
In the change of the basic port arrangement announced in November 2017, HM Richmond , Westminster , Kent and St Albans < will move to Devonport Flotilla in 2023; The HM Argyll , Monmouth and Montrose will move in the opposite direction.
Hunt - minimize class mine mitigation
- HMS Ledbury
- HMS Cattistock
- HMS Brocklesby
- HMS Middleton
- HMS Chiddingfold
- HMS Hurworth
River class patrol vessel
- HMS Clyde - currently in Falklands as a boat ship since 2007
- HMS Mersey
- HMS Fourth
Archer - class patrol vessel
The fourteen Archer class (P2000) patrol boats assigned to the First Patrol Boat Squadron supporting the Royal Naval Unit University are officially part of the Portsmouth Flotilla, though many are permanently based elsewhere throughout the UK.
- HMS Archers - Edinburgh University Royal Naval Unit - Based in Leith.
- HMS Biter - Manchester and Salford University Royal Naval Unit - Based in HMS Eaglet in Liverpool.
- HMS Blazer - Southampton University Royal Naval Unit - Based in Portsmouth.
- HMS Charger - Liverpool University Royal Naval Unit - Based in HMS Eaglet in Liverpool.
- HMS Dasher - Bristol University Royal Naval Unit - Based in HMNB Devonport.
- HMS Example - University of Northumbrian Royal Naval Unit - Based in HMS Calliope in Gateshead.
- HMS Exploit - University of Birmingham Royal Naval Unit - Based in Portsmouth.
- HMS Explorer - Yorkshire University Royal Naval Unit - Based in Hull.
- HMS Express - University of Wales Royal Naval Unit - Based in Penarth Marina.
- HMS Puncher - University of London Royal Naval Unit - Based in Portsmouth.
- HMS Pursuer - Glasgow Universities Royal Naval Unit - Based in HMNB Clyde.
- HMS Ranger - Sussex Royal Naval Unit University - Based in Portsmouth.
- HMS Smiter - Oxford University Royal Naval Unit - Based in Portsmouth.
- HMS
- Cambridge University Royal Naval Unit - Based in Ipswich. Portsmouth_Historic_Dockyard Portsmouth Historic Dockyard - The carcass of the Tudor Mary Rose seen at the new Mary Rose Museum (2013) building.
- HMSÃ, Victory , Featured Nelson in Trafalgar, who (while still in commission) is also open to the public
- HMSÃ, Soldiers (1860), the first Ironclad sailing at sea (built in Blackwall on the River Thames in 1860 and now moored in the shipyard).
- HMSÃ, M33 , World War I monitors (opened to the public in 2015)
- Royal Navy National Museum, Portsmouth, one of the world's leading maritime museums. Exhibits include Trafalgar Sail (Victory front screen used in Trafalgar Battle, 1805)
- The Action Station, a center of interactive exhibits showing various aspects of naval science as well as a number of simulators
- The Apprentice Exhibition at Dockyard, tells the story of the Shipyard itself and the working life within it.
- Portsmouth Harbor Tours
- Boathouse 4 (opened 2015), which tells the 'forgotten story' of the Navy small boat
"Portsmouth Historic Dockyard" is the name given to the base portion that is open to the public; it plays host to:
The Royal Marines Museum will be moved to the Historic Dockyard of Eastney, scheduled to reopen in 2019 at Boathouse 6. Boathouse 5 is being refurbished as a new 'orientation and ticket facility'. The Portsmouth Naval Base Property Trust is trying to expand the Historic Dockyard area to cover Dry Docks 4 and 5 and Block Mills historic buildings among others. The architectural design competition for this project was won by Latz Partner; but the Ministry of Defense has now indicated that the property to the north of Mary Rose will not be granted for several years, due to the proximity of the location to the berths proposed by the new Queen Elizabeth aircraft carrier.
Maps HMNB Portsmouth
History
Together with Woolwich, Deptford, Chatham and Plymouth, Portsmouth has been one of the Royal Navy Dockyards or Bases in its history.
Tudors
The world's first recorded dry dock was constructed in Portsmouth by Henry VII in 1495. The first warship built here was Votes in 1497; more important is the carracks Mary Rose of 1509 and Peter Pomegranate in 1510 - both rebuilt here in 1536. The ship Mary Rose in 1545, but raised in 1982), exhibited in a specially constructed museum. The fourth Tudor warship was Jennett's vessel, built in 1539 and enlarged as a galleon in 1558.
The appointment of one Thomas Jermyn as the Dock Keeper at Portsmouth was recorded in 1526, with the designated Store Clerk of 1542.
After the establishment of Chatham Dockyard in the mid-1500s, no new naval vessels were built here until 1648, but ships from Portsmouth were an important part of the fleet that drove from the Spanish Fleet in 1588. There is no remnants of the site from the Dock Tudor and Yard.
Seventeenth century
The creation of a Navy shipyard in Portsmouth has resumed under the British Commonwealth, the first vessel to be the fourth level flagship berthasan Portsmouth launched in 1650. The new double dry dock (ie doubling the standard lengths so as to accommodate two ships at once) was built by the Commonwealth government in 1656.
As France began to pose more military threats to Britain, Portsmouth's strategic interests grew. In 1689, the Parliament ordered a new dry dock and two new wet docks (or tidal basins) to be built there; work began in 1691. (A building slip was also built, where Mary Rose is now on dock No. 3.)
The dry dock (or "Great Stone Dock" as it is called) is inserted through what is now known as the No. 1 Basin (later called "Lower Wet Dock"). It was built for a new design developed by naval engineer Edmund Dummer, a surveyor to the Navy Council. He replaced bricks and stones for wood and increased the number of altars or stairs. The stepping side allows shorter wood to be used to prop up and make it easier for the shipbuilder to reach the bottom of the vessel that needs to be repaired. Widely rebuilt in 1769, Dok Batu Agung is now known as Pier No.5.
As with all extensions, new works are built on reclaimed land and civil engineering involved on an unprecedented scale. To empty the dry water dock, Dummer designed a unique system that uses water from another basin ("Upper Wet Dock") to drive the water wheel on the tides, which in turn produces a set of pumps. (At rising tide, an additional set of pumps is used, powered by a horse breaking machine.)
The second ("Top") Wet Dock is inserted through the channel. In 1699 Dummer adapted the channel, allowing it to be closed at each end with a set of gates, thus forming a second dry dock ("North Stone Dock"), which was rebuilt in 1737 and known today as dock No. 6. The Upper Wet Dock itself becomes a reservoir where water from nearby dry docks can be dried; domed and closed at the end of the 18th century, still exist today underground.
18th century
Between 1704-1712 a wall was built around the Dockyard, following the 17th century fortress line of the city; along with gates and contemporary cottages (though altered), many walls still stand, serving its original purpose. In 1733, the Royal Naval Academy for cadet officers was established at Dockyard, the first naval beach-based training facility and a pioneer of Britannia Royal Naval College in Dartmouth.
The second half of the eighteenth century was a key period in the development of Portsmouth (and indeed of the other Royal Dockyards). The substantial program of extension and modernization was carried out from 1760 onwards, driven (such as future expansion periods) by increasing both in the size of individual vessels and in the overall size of the fleet. Some of Portsmouth Dockyard's most famous historic buildings date from this period, including three large warehouses (No. 9, 10 & amp; 11, built 1764-1785). The Double Ropery, over 1,000Ã, ft in length comes from the same period; However, the sixth rope house (since 1665) has stood on this site. Both of its predecessors were directly destroyed by fire (in 1760 and 1770) and the building itself was destroyed by fire in 1776 as a result of the arson attack. This is called 'double' ropery because the spinning and laying stages occur in the same building (on different floors) rather than in two separate places.
In the 1760s, the Wet Dock (No 1 Basin) deepened, the Great Stone Dock was rebuilt and the new dry dock (known today as dock No. 4) was built next to it. Further key engineering work began in the 1790s, supervised by Samuel Bentham. He further expanded the Basin, built on a double dock in the process, and added three additional piers built entirely of stone. (These, No. 1, 2 and 3 docks, still exist today, accommodate HMS M33 , HMS Victory and Mary Rose respectively. ) He also made a pioneer the use of "ship caisson" to close the entrance to the valley. In 1799, a steam engine was installed (the first at Royal Naval Yard); not only powered pumps to drain dry docks, but also push machines for woodworking.
nineteenth century
In 1800, the Royal Navy had 684 ships and the Shipyard was the largest industrial complex in the world.
The Industrial Revolution saw the world's first steam-powered plant, Portsmouth Block Mills, opening in Portsmouth in 1802 to mass-produce pulley blocks. Built next to the 1799 steam engine house, above the newly roofed cistern (former Upper Wet Dock). Marc Brunel, the father of Isambard Kingdom Brunel, designs well-known machines, which produce blocks through a total of fifteen separate production stages.
Horatio Nelson left England for the last time before his death at the Battle of Trafalgar when he started from Portsmouth at HMS Victory.
From 1815, the apprenticeship system at Galangan was complemented by the establishment of the Naval Architecture School in Portsmouth (to train prospective Master Shipwrights), originally housed in a building facing Admiralty House in South Terrace. Taking students from the age of 14, this was the pioneer of Portsmouth Dockyard School (later Technical College) who continued to provide specialist training until 1970.
Victoria and Edwardian shipyard expansion
The adoption of steam drives for warships led to large-scale changes in the Royal Dockyards, which were built at the age of sailing. The Navy's first 'steam' factory was built in Woolwich in 1839; but it soon became clear that the site was too small to cope with the revolutionary changes in ship building and maintenance. Therefore, in 1843, work began in Portsmouth on land reclamation immediately north of the Dockyard then to create a new 7-acre basin (known today as No 2 Basin) with a large steam plant on the side; New Brass and Iron Fusion were also built shortly thereafter. Furthermore, three new dry docks were built over the next 20 years, opening new basins, and others built on reclaimed land in the western basin alongside a row of five new ship slips. Further developments in shipbuilding technology, however, mean that some of these new facilities have to be rebuilt and expanded as soon as they are completed.
Technological change not only affects the means of ship propulsion, but also the material used to build it. In 1860, timber warships, which were vulnerable because they used modern weaponry, have largely become obsolete. Substitution into metal hull requires not only new building techniques, but also touted the dramatic and sustained increase in the size of a new ship's potential. The Dockyards find themselves having to thrive. In Portsmouth, plans were made in the late 1850s for further land reclamation in the north and east of the new Steam Basin, and from 1867 work began in the complex of three new interconnected basins, each covering 14-22 acres. Each basin serves a different purpose: the ship will proceed from the repair basin, to the rigging pool, to the fitting-out basin, and out from there into the new pit basin, ready to take fuel along the large coaling dock there. Three dry docks are also built as part of the plan, as well as a pair of locks that can be locked to fit into the basin complex; a nearby contemporary pumping station not only serves to drain the dock and lock it, but also sends compressed air to electric cranes, caissons and buffer caps. The "Great Extension" of the Portsmouth Dockyard was largely completed in 1881.
However, before the end of the century, it was recognized that there should be further expansion in all Royal Dockyards to offset the increase in the size of naval vessels in the future. In Portsmouth two more dry docks, No. 14 & amp; 15, built in addition to Basin Repair in 1896; within ten years, along with the adjacent dock 12 & amp; 13, had to be extended, and at the beginning of World War I Dock No 14 more than 720Ã, ft in length. The largest naval vessel is now too big for interlocking basins, so to ensure access to the new dry dock, the barrier wall between the basins is removed to create a large non-tidal water body (No 3 Basin), with a pair of entrance locks 850Ã, ft is being built at the same time. These (C & D keys) operate from 1914, and they, together with the enlarged hollow and dock, remain in use, largely unchanged, ever since.
Along with new buildings the new Basin was established, on a large scale, to accommodate new manufacturing and construction processes. These included a gun-mounted workshop (1881, producing gun turret), a torpedo workshop (1886), and a very large New Plant in 1905, east of Pier 13, which was soon put into the Dreadnoughts installation task. Electrification came to the yard with the opening of a 9,800 kW power plant in 1906.
Dockyard railway
In 1843 construction began in the railway system inside the shipyard. In 1846 it connected to the Portsmouth City railway station through what is known as the Admiralty Line. In 1952 there were more than 27 miles of lanes in the shipyard. Its use declined in the 1970s: the relationship to the main line was closed in 1977 and the locomotive stopped operating within the yard the following year.
In 1876 a railway station was built on what is known as the South Railway Pier on the Watering Island (west of the Semaphore Tower). It is served by a separate branch line that crosses South Camber by swinging bridges and continued on a bridge over the beach, joining the main lane to the east of Portsmouth Harbor train station. A small railway station and an ornamental iron shelter cater specifically to the needs of Queen Victoria and her family, who often migrate from cruise ships to practice at this location; this line immediately becomes the main arrival/departure route for personnel. The swing bridge and viaduct were damaged in the wartime boom and subsequently dismantled in 1946. The Royal Naval Railway Shelter was recently moved to the other side of the island and restored.
20th century
In 1900 the Third Class of HMS Pandora was launched, followed by the armored cruiser Kent <1901 and Suffolk in 1903. Two warships Pre-School King Edward VII Classes were launched in 1904 - Britannia and New Zealand . The first modern warship, Dreadnought , was built in 1905-06, taking one day more than a year. Further dreadnoughts followed - Bellerophon in 1907, St. Vincent in 1908, Orion in 1910, King George V in 1911, Iron Duke in 1912 and /i> in 1913.
On April 8, 1913, Portsmouth Dockyard opened the first of two large drydock locks along the 850 foot which directly connects Portsmouth Harbor to Basin No.3, the first one called 'C' Lock. A year later, 'D' Lock opened in April 1914.
First World War
The largest ship that was launched in Portsmouth during World War I was the 27,500-ton Royal Sovereign warship in 1915. The only other launch during the war was the submarine J1 and > J2 in 1915, and K1 , K2 and K5 in 1916. However, about 1,200 vessels improved in Portsmouth during the course of the War, and in the same period 1,658 ships were transported to the launch vessel or placed on dry dock for repairs.
Inter-war years
The period after the war was a time of contraction in the Dockyard, and there was a lot of redundancy. In accordance with the Government's Ten Year Regulations, the Dockyard works over the next decade and half with the presumption of eternal peace rather than future conflict.
The majority of the warships launched in Portsmouth after the end of the War were the explorers - Effingham in 1921, Suffolk in 1926, London in 1927, Dorsetshire in 1929, Neptune in 1933, and Amphion and Aurora in 1934. There were also four ships the destroyer - Comet and his sister Crusader in 1931, and fleet leaders Duncan in 1932 and Exmouth < in 1934. The only other ship launched between the war was the mining tender of Nightingale in 1931 and the Skylark in 1932.
The new Dockyard facility includes the Steel Foundry, built in 1926. The "Semaphore Tower" opened in 1930, a facsimile of namesake (1810-24) that had been destroyed in a fire in 1913. The arch under it incorporates the Lion's Gate, once a part from an 18th century castle. The original Semaphore Tower is located between a pair of fairly large buildings: the Rigging Store and the Sail Loft (both of which 1784) are killed in the same fire; in the end only one of the couple was rebuilt, as a five-story office block.
Second World War
The destroyer flotillas (vessel capital that has been evacuated to the Scapa Flow), is very important for the defense of the English Channel, especially during Operation Dynamo (Dunkirk evacuation) and against any potential German Invasion. The base itself serves the role of reparations and major improvements. Germany realizes the importance of this and the city and its bases in particular are heavily bombed.
Portsmouth and Naval Base itself is the main base and departure point for military and naval units destined for Sword Beach on the Normandy coast as part of Operation Overlord and D-Day landings on June 6, 1944. Forces are destined for each landing beach abandoned from Portsmouth aboard a ship like an armed merchant cruiser HMCS Prince Henry and HMCS Prince David , escorted by Canadian destroyer HMCS Algonquin and Sioux . The majority of naval support for the operation departs from Portsmouth, including Mulberry Harbors. Boathouse 4 (built around early hostilities) contributes to the construction of landing ships and supporting ships and more specialized vessels such as dwarf submarines.
Post Second World War
There was a lot of rebuilding, demolition and consolidation of buildings damaged by bombs after World War II.
In June 1981, the government announced that ship building would stop at Portsmouth, that the workforce would be reduced from just under 7,000 to 1,225 and that the former Royal Dockyard would be Fleet Maintenance & amp; Improvement Organization (FMRO) with minor support and role improvement (Devonport and Rosyth will take over the main job and submit the modernization work). The run-down of Shipyard is on hold, however, at the start of the Falklands Conflict, with all available hands being put into task preparing the Falklands Task Force.
Falklands Task Force
In 1982 Argentina invaded the Falkland Islands. In response, the British military task force and merchant ship were shipped from Portsmouth Naval Base to the islands of the South Atlantic to reclaim them to the United Kingdom.
The task force consists of the following vessels:
- Two aircraft carriers
- Two dock landing boats
- Eight Destroyers
- Fifteen frigates
- Three patrol boats
- Five submarines
- Three survey vessels
- Five minesweepers
- Ten fleet tankers
- Six logistical landing vessels
- Five supply vessels
- One helicopter supply vessel
- Eighteen merchant ships including troops/cruises like RMS Queen Elizabeth 2 and Canberra SS
After some losses, most of these ships returned to Portsmouth later that year.
After that, some of the cuts that had been proposed in the 1981 Defense White Paper were reversed. Larger fleet retention means that a larger workforce is maintained in Portsmouth than has been imagined (around 2,800); But the collapse of the old Dockyard continues, with dry docks 1-7 closed, just under half the crane-crane dock dismantled and ten of the nineteen major workshops at that location are no longer in use. The dockyard 'Edwardian piece de rà © sistance' , the 1905 Large Plant, stopped producing in 1986 and converted into a warehouse.
In the older part of the shipyard several buildings, ranging from warehouse to foundry, converted for office use; This trend continued in later years. Similarly, the Great Steam Smithery (1852) adjacent to the Steam Factory (aka No 2 Ship Shop) converted in 1993 to provide squash courts, offices, messrooms, and self-service laundry. In the same year, the Victory Building, a new neo-Georgia office block, opened on a prominent site overlooking the historic No. 1 basin (just one of several new office blocks built along the shipyards site in every second half of the century) ; it accommodated the staff of Lord Second Sea, moved there from London.
In 1998, FMRO's work was contracted out to the private sector in the form of Fleet Support Limited.
Twenty-first century
Shipbuilding restarted on site in 2003 after construction of facilities by VT Group at dry dock location. 13 (has been moved there from the old Thornycroft Yard in Woolston, Southampton). Modular construction of warships takes place in large interconnected building complexes: Steelwork Production Hall, Hall Construction Unit, and Hall of Ship Conferences. Construction of modules for carrier type 45 and aircraft carrier Queen Elizabeth class happened here, the last under BAE Systems Maritime - Naval Ships; but in 2013 it was announced that the ship's construction in Portsmouth would cease; in 2016 the former shipyard complex was used to repair mines and other small vessels.
BAE Systems, having subsumed Fleet Support Ltd, continues to manage the repair and maintenance of vessel facilities around No. 1. 3 Basins in Portsmouth.
Trafalgar 200
In the summer of 2005 Portsmouth and Solent Navy Bases hosted two special events held as part of the 200 Trafalgar memorial that recognizes the 200th Anniversary of the Trafalgar Battle. This is International Fleet Review and International Festival of the Sea.
Dockyard civil and military administration
From 1546 to 1832 the primary responsibility for managing H.M. The Royal Navy Dockyards is located in the Navy Board, and the resident commissioner who is a naval officer although a civilian officer of the Navy Council, is not a marine officer in charge of day-to-day operations of the shipyard and his supervisory staff, after the removal of the council's functions, its function is merged in Admiralty and a new post Admiral-superintendent-style established superintendent admiral usually holds the rear rank of admiral although sometimes the vice-admiral. His immediate subordinate was an officer known as a shipyard captain (or captain of the harbor since 1969). It follows the appointment of the chief executive officer of the Royal Dockyards (civil) in September 1969 and the establishment of a centralized Management Board of Royal Dockyards. The Admiral-superintendents were no longer appointed in the royal navy after 15 September 1971, and the existing postal holders were renamed port admirals. In May 1971, the post was renamed Flag of Flags, Portsmouth and Admiral Superintendent until July 1971 when named Flag of Flag, Spithead and Port Admiral until August 1975, the postal name was changed again to Flag Officer Portsmouth and Port Admiral until October 1996 when ceased to exist as a separate command which was later absorbed into the First Flotilla Command then renamed the Portsmouth Flotilla.
Related companies in the Portsmouth area
The presence of Shipyard and Fleet led to the establishment of various other naval and military installations in and around Portsmouth over the years, some of which are listed below.
- HMS Nelson : HM Portsmouth Navy Base. Today the name covers the entire base, including the shipyard and the Naval Personnel Center on Queen Street. Previously it had marked only the last (opened as Portsmouth Naval Barracks in 1903, later named HMS Victory after the Commander-in-Chief leadership, renamed Nelson in 1974 to avoid confusion). The block barracks were largely destroyed and rebuilt in the second half of the 20th century, but a number of other original buildings remained including the canteen, warehouse drill and Wardroom across the street. One barrack of fixed blocks from the early Barracks (Anglesey Barracks) that previously stood on the site. In November 2016, the Ministry of Defense issued a Better Defense Estate , indicating that HMS Nelson Wardroom will be disposed of in 2021.
- HMS Extraordinary : Whale Island, Portsmouth (including Naval Command Headquarters together with Navy training institute operated by Babcock International (with all catering services, front of house, cleaning and sub hotel - contracted to Compass Group plc)). This name was once attached to barracks and other facilities of RN Gunnery Establishment (based on the island from 1891-1985); this is now part of the training base.
- HMS Temeraire : Burnaby Road, Portsmouth. Training of Navy's Physical Training Instructors and sports field and facilities for personnel based in Portsmouth. The RN School of Physical Training has been known as Temeraire since 1971, and moved to the current site in 1988.
- HMS Collingwood : Fareham. Naval training is provided primarily under contract for Babcock International (catering services and sub-contract cleaning to Sodexo). Assigned in 1940 as a training ground for sailors 'new entry', later became the RN School of Electrical Engineering, but currently serves as the headquarters of the Warfare Maritime School.
- HMS Sultan : Gosport. Navy training (and tri-service), the home of excellence centers for mechanical and electrical engineering. Naval training is provided primarily under contract for Babcock International (catering services and sub-contract cleaning to Sodexo); opened on this site in 1956.
Disabled
- HMS Dryad : Now MOD Southwick Park - Tri-Service Defense College
- HMS Dolphin diesel submarine base - Now MOD Fort Blockhouse
- HM Gun Wharf, then HMS Vernon torpedo and mine establishment - Now in civil use as Gunwharf Quays
- HMS Daedalus Fleet Air Arm Base
- Royal Naval Hospital, Haslar
- The Eastney Barracks (Royal Art Royalty Barracks of 1867-1923, Royal Marines Barracks 1923-1995) - converted into housing, except for the old Officers Mess, which is currently the headquarters of the Royal Marines Museum
- Forton Barracks (Royal Marine Infantry Barracks 1848-1923, then the establishment of HMS St Vincent boys training until 1968) - Now in civil use as St. Vincent College
- Royal Clarence Victualling Yard, Gosport
- RNAD Gosport: aggregated site that includes:
- Puppet storage facility and hard shell RNAD Priddy's Hard (1776). Closed 1988 - now Blast! Naval Officers Museum
- The gun shop of RNAD Bedenham (1908) was moved here from Priddy's Hard (rated very close to the Shipyard).
- RNAD Elson (now part of DM Gosport)
- RNAD Brother (now part of DM Gosport)
- RNAD Marchwood (1811) closed in 1961 - Converted for housing and used by Marchwood Yacht Club
- Haslar Gunboat Yard (opened 1859, closed 1973)
- HMS Mercury : RN Signals School 1941-1993, Leiden House, East Meon, near Portsmouth
- HMS Phoenix : Establishment of fire fighting 1946-1993, now part of HMS Extraordinary
Military
The Fortifications of Portsmouth developed for several centuries to protect fleets and shipyards from attacks by land or sea. From 1665 Bernard de Gomme oversaw the construction of the Defense Line around both Portsmouth (Shipyard and old town) and Gosport (on the opposite side of Portsmouth Harbor). The defense was extended in the 18th century, before being replaced in 19 by the Palmerston fortress that surrounds Portsmouth and offshore.
These fortresses required a large number of personnel for their humans and, from the mid-18th century onwards, they (together with other troops stationed in the garrison or preparing to leave abroad) were accommodated in various barracks in and around the City. In 1900 this included:
- Cambridge Barracks, High Street (Infantry) - founded in 1825 in the late 18th century warehouses; quarters of officers have been occupied by the Portsmouth Grammar School since 1926. Clarence Barracks (Royal Garrison Artillery) - founded in 1760 as the Fourhouse Barracks on land between St. Nicholas Street and the castle (along with the previous Royal Sea Barracks); replaced in 1827; rebuilt around 1881, extends across the old line of defense to the outside field; destroyed c.1967. Colewort Barracks, the St George's Road (Army Service Corps) - built as a garrison hospital, converted into a 1694 barrack, was demolished to pave the way for an extension of a nearby power plant in the 1920s.
- Hilsea Barracks (Royal Field Artillery) - built 1854, Royal Army Ordnance Corps from 1921; closed in 1962, the site was rebuilt for housing (the surviving 18th-century Gatcombe House serves as Mess Officers).
- Milldam Barracks (Royal Engineer) - built in the late 18th century onwards, puts the Engineer responsible for the maintenance of the castle; sold in 1969 and now occupied by the University of Portsmouth and the Portsmouth Register Office.
- Point Barracks (Artillery) - built adjacent to the medieval Round Tower in 1846-50; sold to Portsmouth City Council in the early 1960s after the dissolution of the British Coastal Artillery network. Part of the brick structure is destroyed, but marked with rocks on the ground next to the surviving casemata.
- St George Barracks, Gosport (Infantry) - built 1856-59 as a transit barracks for troops, continued military use until 1991; some fixed buildings, since converted into new usage.
- Victorian Barracks (Infantry) - built in 1888 with New Barracks Clarence; destroyed 1967.
According to the census, more than 6,000 men lived in barracks in the Portsmouth area in 1911.
Attribution
This article contains some of the content copied from this article Admiral-superintendent, Portsmouth.
References
Bibliography
- Goss, James (1984). Portsmouth battleship 1497-1967 . Kenneth Mason.
Further reading
External links
- UKHO Charts of Portsmouth Harbor and Approach
- HMNB Portsmouth web page
- Portsmouth Royal Dockyard Historical Trust website
- Portsmouth Historic Dockyard's website
- Portsmouth Naval Base Property Trust
- Portsmouth D-Day Museum
- Master Pelabuhan Ratu, Portsmouth
Source of the article : Wikipedia
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